Internal-combustion motor



April 24, 1928. 1,667,213

P. MARCHETTI INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed June 2, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 il iHli lll j g fi 45 46 32 l l l IIHIIII 3 II E3 Q INVEN TOR.

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April 24, 1928.

1,667,213 P. MARCHETTI INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed June 2, 1925 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Q k q 13 I: 1L /I:\ I I l N V EN TOR. 1 ,401 lkecx/grr/ATTORNEYS.

Patented Apr. 24, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,667,213 PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL MARCHETTI, OF STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO MARCHETTI MOTORPATENTS, INCORPORATED, A CORPORATION OF NEVADA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

Application filed June 2, 1925. Serial No. 34,374.

The present. invention relates to improvements in internal combustionmotors of the reciprocating type. r

The general object of the invention is the provision of a constructionadapted for reducing vibration in a reciprocating internal combustionmotor, and further adapted to increase the general efiiciency of themotor.

The above and other objects are accomplished by instrumentalitiespointed out in the following specification.

The invention is clearly defined in the claims.

A satisfactory embodiment of the invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings forming part of the specification and in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section of a motor constructed inaccordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical cross section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 andlooking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail section showing the connection betweenthe cam and piston rod.

Figure 1 is a sectional plan view on the line 4-4 of Figure 3, lookingin the direction of the arrows.

Figure 5 is a detail front elevation of the modified form of cam.

Figure 6 is a central vertical section of the cam shown in Figure 5.

In the drawings A indicates generally a reciprocating internalcombustion motor of the four cycle, four cylinder type. It will beunderstood that this showing is merely illustrative and that theinvention about to be described may be used equally as well with motorsconsisting of a greater or less number of cylinders than shown.

The piston rod 5 on the left in Figure 1, has its inner end directedinto the hollow piston 6, and screwed into or otherwise rigidly securedto a central boss 7 The outer end of the rod 5 is provided with acrosshead including a pair of oppositely disposed bearing balls 8,arranged in cups 9, which are detachably connected to caps 10, removablysecured as by screw threads 11 to oppositely disposed annular bosses 12,carried by a yoke 13 depending from rod 5. One member 14 of a cross headguide is carried by one end of the shaft casing 15 and the oppositemember 16 of the cross head guide is carried by one of the bearin haners 17, depending from the base of t 1e cylinder block. The bearingballs 88 areslidable in the cross,head guides 14 and 16 so that onlyrectilinear movement is permitted on the part of the rod 5 and the partsconnected thereto, as just described.

The inner faces of caps 10 are provided with seats 18 for a pair ofoppositely disposed balls 19, which extend into oppositely disposedcircular cam grooves 19 on the opposite faces of a disk 20, whichextends into the yoke 13 and is eccentrically disposed on engine shaft21 to which it is keyed, as indicated by 22 in Figure 2.

With this construction it is obvious that the piston rod 5, inreciprocating, operates to rotate cam disk 20, which transmits rotarymovement to engine shaft 21.

The exact counterpart of the construction described in connection withthe piston on the left in Figure 1, is employed for the other pistons ofmotor A, and disks 23, corresponding with disk 20, are employed for theseveral piston rods. The high or outermost points of alternate disks arespaced apart for an angular distance of approximately 180 in the type ofmotor shown, in order to obtain the conventional sequence of compressionand exhaust in the end cylinders during the intake and firing strokes ofthe intermediate cylinders.

Engine shaft 21 extends through shaft casing 15 and carries at one end afly-wheel 24, and its end portions are disposed in bearings 25 at theopposite ends of casing 15, and are further disposed in bearings 26 atthe lower ends of the hangers 17. Shaft casing 15 is secured to the base27 of the engine block as by bolts 28 and is as usual, formed of metaland made liquid tight to provide a receptacle for a column of lubricant29, the level of which may be disposed at a point above engine shaft 21,so as to provide an oil bath for the bearings of the said shaft and forthe working faces of the disks, as these are rotated by the piston rods5. The action of the disks in rotating through the column of lubricant29, feeds lubricant to the cross heads and-the guides therefor, eitherby lifting or splashing'the lubricant.

A series of lubricant containing trays 30 are disposed at the base ofthe cylinder block and are in communication with the interiors of thecylinders 31. These trays are secured to the upper end of casing 15 sothat the lower ends of the istons dip into the lubricant contained inthe trays at the end of the down or out strokes of the p'is tons. asshown in Figure 1. In this way lubricant is carried to the walls of thecylinders 31 during the up strokes of the pistons.

The valve shaft 32 extends through :1 casing 33, superimposed on thecylinder block, and is rotatable in bearings at the ends of the casing.The slidable intake valve 34 and similarly movable exhaust valve 35 areconnected to the valve shaft 32 in any preferred manner, as by means ofcrank rods 36 connected to crank hangers 37, carried by shaft The crankshaft is rotated by a shaft 38 connected by a bevel )inion 39 to thebevel gear 40 on engine shaft 21. and further connected by bevel gears41 and 4:2 to valve shaft 32.

The crank arms 35 for the exhaust and intake valves of each cylinder arearranged in such angular relation that the said valves will besuccessively lifted or moved upwardly to expose the intake and exhaustports 43 and 44 to the interior of the cylinder; and the construction,disposition and arrangement of the ports 43 and 44 are such that thevalves will close these ports throughout the compression and firingstrokes of the pistons. Valve casing 33 is provided with a detach- .ablehead 45 which co-operates with the easing to provide a liquid tightcontainer for a column 46 of lubricant, which surrounds the valve shaft32. The valves 34 and 35 are cylindrical and are slidably fitted in theinlet. and exhaust ports 43 and 44, which communicate through lateralpassages 47 with their respective manifolds as indicated at. 48.

The modified form of connection between the engine shaft 21 and pistonrod 5, shown in Figure 5, comprises an oblong body 49, each of theopposite faces of which is provided with a pair of cam grooves 50, eachhaving a compound curvature and communieating one with the other. Thisconstruction is distinguished from the groove 19 in that with the latterone complete revolution of the shaft 21is had with each reciproca tionof the piston, whereas with the form shown in Figures 5 and 6, twocomplete reciprocations of the pistons will take place to one revolutionof the shaft. I

It is evident that. the use of the modified form, as shown in Figures 5and 6, will provide a relatively high speed motor, and by duplicatingthe number of grooves and extending these in directions opposite tothose indicated in Figure 5, a motor of still higher speed can beobtained.

It is evident that the motor of the present invention is practicallyvibrationless because of the absence of pivotal connections between thepiston rods and pistons, invariably found with motors of thereciprocating type. The connection between the piston rod and the engineshaft. is such that the use of the conventional crank pin connection iseliminated. together with the attendant vibration due to the use of thatstructure. The provision of the slidable valves eliminates the use ofnoisy tappets and spring operated poppet valves and the resultantfrequent adjustments and valve grinding.

Although I have shown and described one embodiment of my invention, itis to be understood that the same is susceptible to varous changes; andI reserve the right to employ such as may come within the scope of theappended claims.

I claim 1. In a device of the type described apiston. a piston rodrigidly secured thereto, a cam groove, a ball-bearing mounted in saidgroove, adjustable means carried by said rod for moving the ball'bearingwith respect to the groove, a guide groove for said rod. :1. balhhearingmounted in said groove and a cup receiving said ball-bearing and beingadj ustably secured to said rod.

2. In a device of the type described, a piston, a piston rod rigidlysecured to said piston, a pair of guide grooves for said piston rod, arotatable member having a double cam groove therein, ball-bearingsdisposed in said grooves, adjustable means carried by said rod formoving said ball-bearings into the grooves, ball-bearings disposed insaid first named rod guiding grooves, cups for receiving said last namedball-bearings, and being adjustably connected to said piston.

PAUL MARCHETTI.

